Degeneration of brain cells could be a natural aging process. However, destruction or deterioration of brain cells could occur due to a wide range of internal as well as external factors. In general, brain damage refers to significant, undiscriminating trauma-induced damage. Science has tremendously advanced when it comes to health care and disease control. There are new and radical developments in the field of neurology alone. One such progress is brain tissue reconstruction.
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Exon Junction Complex controls mRNA: RNA Methylation
Our gene expression is regulated by RNA methylation. Same process also affects various cellular processes like differentiation and development. Lately, University of Chicago researchers, led by Chuan He, have uncovered new insights into how genes work by solving a long-standing mystery related to RNA methylation. Researchers in Chuan He’s lab have been studying RNA methylation and its potential impact on human health for over a decade.
Read MoreGas Entrapping Materials to Mitigate Tumor Hypoxia: GeM Technology
Cancer treatments such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy have been shown to be less effective when exposed to a hypoxic environment. In fact, low oxygen levels in tumors can also escalate disease progression. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy and microbubble infusion are the two techniques through which oxygen levels in tumors can be increased to improve treatment outcomes.
Read MoreVitamin D Deficiency Associated with Melanoma: Skin and Bone Health
Vitamin D plays an important role in regulating normal function of human body. It helps the body to absorb and retain calcium and phosphorus, which are critical for building bone. In addition, it also helps in boosting energy levels. Epidemiological studies too, have shown that Vit-D deficiency is closely associated with common chronic diseases such as bone metabolic disorders, tumors, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. In addition, similar corelation between vitamin D and skin cancers have also been investigated.
Read MoreHuman Brain Organoids Implanted in Mice: Human-mouse Synapses
An international team of neuroscientists has demonstrated that human brain organoids when implanted in the cerebral cortex region of a mice can respond to external sensory stimuli. Brain organoid, here, refers to a three-dimensional tissue that is made from skin cells.
Read MoreCompact Cas7-11 Enzyme for RNA Editing: CRISPR-Cas System
The CRISPR CAS9 system famously known as genetic scissors was discovered by Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna in 2012. And since then, the new tool has been studied extensively across global academia. Initial studies of the genome editing tool altered only the DNA. However, lately the CAS system is also studied for editing RNA. What is CRISPR-CAS system? CRISPR-CAS system is an adaptive immune system of bacteria, which protects it from invaders. Also, it defends the bacterial host from renewed infection as it memorizes previous infections. DNA has the fingerprint.…
Read MoreMultiple Modes of Dendritic Integration in Single Neurons: Brain Computation
Dendrites, branch like extensions protruding from a single neuron, participate in computations and permutations to give a synchronized output to the neuron. Researchers at MIT have now demonstrated that not only different types of dendrites (of a single neuron) collect input from various regions of the brain, they also process that information in different customized ways.
Read MoreManeuvering Brain Astrocytes via Magnetic Field: Magnetomechanical Stimulation
Researchers at University College London have discovered a new form of non-invasive therapy for neurological disorders. The technique called “magnetomechanical stimulation” (MMS) involves microscopic magnetic particles for remotely stimulating brain cells.
Read MoreAltering Macrophage Metabolism Helps Damage Nerves Recover: Neuronal Health
Peripheral nervous system (PNS) axons regenerate in contrast with central nervous system (CNS) axons, however, the rate of renewal is fairly slow. It is because of its sluggish rate majority of the peripheral nerve injuries lead to permanent disability for patients.
Read MoreSkin Cells Reprogrammed into Early Embryos: Stem Cell Research
In an interesting research, scientists made an unbelievable attempt of creating early human embryo from skin cells! An international team of researchers led by Monash University Australia has developed a model that resembles human embryo from skin cells.
Read MoreMicrofluidic Squeezing Leads To Stemness: Cell Engineering
In an interesting finding, scientists at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Boston Children’s Hospital have discovered that physically pressing microscopic intra-cellular structures together can trigger cells to grow faster. This phenomenon at microscopic level resembles the spread of things like ideas, interests and even infections within a close proximity of people.
Read MoreMemory Consolidation via Excitatory And Inhibitory Networks: Neuronal Circuits
Until now, neuroscientists believed that during memory consolidation only “one” excitatory process occurs and that also in the Hippocampus region of the brain. Lately, McGill-led multi-institutional research team has discovered that there is not one but two different processes that are simultaneously taking place in different neural network within brain.
Read MoreSpecialized Grafts Behaved Like Neurons: Spinal Cord Injury
A spinal cord injury (SCI) usually causes perpetual damage within our body. This can result in long-term disability. And in most of the cases, spinal cord compression can lead to paralysis.
Read More10 Amazing Brain Facts: The Most Complex Manifestation of Intelligence
Study of human brain is one of the most remarkable subjects of all times. The more we learn, the more questions we have, this holds true for the wide network of neurons that we all carry above our head, literally.
Read MoreCan you be allergic to water: Aquagenic Urticaria
Earth is a watery planet, in fact, water covers nearly 71 percent of our planet. It exists in our atmospheric air as water vapor and in ground flora as moisture within the soil. Water is one of the main components that we look for in extra-terrestrial planetary space.
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